Stupid boomerang.

In wood tech, we were told to make a boomerang.
I feel this project was a waste of time that Mr made us so because he didn't have anything else to give us to do. Honestly, the lesson could have been planned better with a better task that would actually get us to want to do it. My boomerang was done well but a waste of wood so I chucked it. Next time please set up a better lesson, Thank you.

manufacturing a metal drill gauge

At school in metal tech. We have been making drill gauges, used to find the size of drills. I would have a photo of my drill gauge on here but unfortunately, I took it home and dumped it before I knew we were doing an instructional blog.

Although this is what a proper drill gauge would look like.
To make the drill gauge we used these tools.

1. Metal bar 20mm W 100mm L 5mm T

2. 300mm stainless steel ruler

3 Scriber.

What is a Scriber?
A scriber is a hand tool used in metalworking to mark lines on workpieces, prior to machining. The process of using a scriber is called scribing and is just part of the process of marking out. 

4 Engineers Square.

What are engineers square?
An engineer's square is a tool used in metalworking and woodworking. It is. very similar to a try square in appearance and use, and is mainly used to check a workpiece is 'square', (that is, two sides are at 90 degrees to one another).

5 Buffer.

What is a buffer?
The Polishing Machine (also called the Buffing Machine) is used to polish soft metals including copper and brass as well as plastics such as perspex.

6 Drill press.

What is a drill press?\
Drill press, also called Drilling Machine, device for producing holes in hard substances. The drill is held in a rotating spindle and is fed into the workpiece, which is usually clamped in a vise resting on a table.

7 Micrometer.

What is a micrometer?
a gauge that measures small distances or thicknesses between its two faces, one of which can be moved away from or towards the other by turning a screw with a fine thread.

How to use a Micrometer.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-cm_ocn9p4

8 Vernier caliper.

What is a vernier caliper?
A vernier caliper is a measuring device used to precisely measure linear dimensions. It is a very useful tool to use when measuring the diameter of a round objects like cylinders because the measuring jaws can be secured on either side of the circumference.

How to use vernier caliper?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FNdkYIVJ3Vc

9 Emery cloth.

What is emery cloth?

Description

Emery cloth is a type of coated abrasive that has emery glued to a cloth backing. It is used for hand metalworking. It may be sold in sheets or in narrow rolls.


10 Center punch.

What is a center punch?
A tool consisting of a metal rod with a conical point for making an indentation, to allow a drill to make a hole at the same spot without slipping.


11 Hammer.

12 Odd leg caliber.

What is an odd leg caliper?
a caliper having the points of its legs bent in the same direction for measurements on stepped surfaces or similar surfaces

My drill gauge was done well Although I could have marked my work out a little better. I found marking it out to honestly be the hardest part of making my drill gauge because im not a very precise person. I overcame this by asking for help and seeing how other people were doing. I learned ho to center punch on the line.

Method of making this drill gauge is pretty simple. You clean up your 100x20x5 bar, Mark out through the middle of the bar and space out where your drill holes will be. Drill the holes the size you are doing. Clean the bar again, buffer it. Then you should be done.

This is my own online created drill gauge.

If I'm being honest, I did have a much better design that I put two lessons worth of time into. I could however not find it so I made a quick 5 minute one. This way I can at least get a score for it.
Here is a picture of my original design that was a failure due to me not setting the printer up properly. However, if I was to attempt it again I would know how to do it easily this time because I have learned from my past mistakes.

Drill gauge

Drill gauge.

What is a drill gauge?
A drill gauge is a tool used for identifying drill bits sizes. Made of heat treated heavy gage steel, machined and ground to tolerance. Hole sizes and decimal equivalents are permanently etched on the face.



How to use a drill gauge?
https://youtu.be/EhR0R5nVxEY

Bibliography.
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi03YCLovvhAhVBAHIKHbO5ACkQjhx6BAgBEAM&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftimeconnectioninc.com%2Fgauges%2F1658-wire-drill-gauge.html&psig=AOvVaw2iw-O__L2aj2PJetvnVnNB&ust=1556832211460958
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwi7sc29pPvhAhUXVH0KHe2gBVMQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhomerepairgeek.com%2Fdefine%2Fdrill-bit-sizes.html&psig=AOvVaw0-PpxDDk6M4ASEUCfdZqji&ust=1556832848008720

My Zootopia Essay.

A character who changed during the film Zootopia is Judy.

Judy changed from one thing to another to back where she started but she was just a little bit better off. Judy changed from a dumb bunny who thought anyone could be whatever they wanted to a smart bunny who knew that anyone could be anything with hard work.

Judy was a small bunny who believed that anyone could be anything. That even though she was small and weak she still believed she could become a cop. We see this nearer to the start of the film when Judy is on stage and claims she is going to make the world a better place she is gonna be a police officer. The lightning to me in this scene was a little bit weird, But how I saw it was there was a bit of bright lighting behind Judy to show her passion to be a cop and that she believed she could do it. But then the scene also had dark lighting around it which to me meant that Judy was the only one that believed and that the rest of the crowd were all in disbelief. The Audio in this scene didn't make a lot of sense to me either but I personally thought it mad for a cool build up.

Judy goes through a lot during the film. She gets a lot of crap from people who stereotype her. During the film, Judy's idea of zootopia the perfect place where anyone can be anything gets torn down. She realizes even in this amazing place there is still a lot of wrongs. We see this nearer to the middle of the film when she quits the ZPD. The lighting in this scene is very plain it's very basic and doesn't tell me a lot about the scene at all. However, even though there is no audio in this scene it gives us a sort of sad sympathetic feeling. What makes this scene so good and what makes us feel for Judy as a character is that lack of audio.

Right, when the movie is wrapping up after Judy has solved the missing animal's case. Judy is happy again although there are always speed bumps she learns that anyone can be anything they just need to work hard to get to where they wanna be. None the less Judy is proud of what she has done and where she has gotten. The lighting is these last few scenes is bright and colourful based on just that alone it makes us the audience happy. And were in this good mood but then the audio kicks in and it's so upbeat and joyful. Which makes us happy and really feel the emotion in that scene.

I didn't know how to write up my conclusion apologies.

Will write a conclusion when I have a better understanding of how to write it.

Dissecting a sheep's heart!?

Aim: I want to look at dissecting a sheep's heart.

Equipment: 

• One sheep heart

• Scalpel

• Dissecting Tray

• Dissecting scissor

• Latex Gloves

Safety:

• Make sure to wear your gloves.
• DO NOT cut yourself.
• Keep your area clean.

Method:

1. Place the heart on the dissecting tray and rinse off the excess preservative with tap water. pat the heart dry.
2. Locate the thin membrane called the pericardium that still covers the heart.
3. Carefully remove the pericardium, under which you will find the muscle of your heart called the myocardium.
4. Locate the apex. Only the left ventricle extends all the way to the Apex.
5. Place the heart in the dissecting tray so that the front is towards you.
6. The heart is now the position it would be in a body as you face the body. Locate the following chambers of the heart from this surface:

• Left atrium - upper chamber to your right
• Left ventricle - lower chamber to your right
• Right atrium - upper chamber to your left
• Right ventricle - lower chamber to your left

1. Use scissors to cut through the side of the pulmonary artery and continue cutting down into the wall of the right ventricle.

2. Use your fingers to open up the cut and examine the internal structure of the heart. Rinse off any dried up blood.

3. Locate where the superior and inferior Vena Cava enter the right Atrium.

4. Locate the different valves between the Atriums and the Ventricles.

5. Feel the difference in the thickness of each chamber.

6. Once you're done with the examining, cut out the two Atriums and put it to the side. Make sure that you don't cut any of the main blood vessels.

7. With the Atriums gone, you can further examine the blood vessels.

8. Once you're done with the examination of all the different parts of the heart. Sort them nicely.

Result: 
I didn't really get much of a result however, I did get to see the left-right atrium, ventricle and the Aorta. Which was pretty interesting.

Discussion:
What is a heart?
The heart is a muscular organ in most animals, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. In this blood there is oxygen and nutrients which is how it gets around the body, it also helps with the removal of waste products.

What is the circulatory system?
The circulatory system is made of blood vessels. These blood vessels carry blood to and from the heart. Arteries carry blood away from the heart whereas veins carry the blood back to the heart.

How do the valves work?
Valves are a one-way door, opening to let blood exit or enter a chamber, Then closing to keep blood from flowing backward. four heart valves control the flow of blood through the heart.

What is a hole in the heart?
A hole in the heart is a congenital defect in the heart septum, resulting in inadequate circulation of oxygenated blood (a cause of blue baby syndrome)

What is the purpose of the vena cava?
The inferior vena cava is a vein. It carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the right atrium of the heart. The corresponding vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body is the superior vena cava.

How does blood flow through the heart?
After entering the heart through the superior and inferior vena cava, it empties the deoxygenated blood from the body into the right atrium of the heart. As the atrium contracts, blood flows from your right atrium into your right ventricle through the open tricuspid valve. When the right ventricle contracts, the muscular force pushes blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery. from here the blood travels to your lungs to be oxygenated.

Heartbeat?
The SA node (sinoatrial node) is the natural pacemaker. The SA node consists of a cluster of cells that are situated in the upper part of the wall of the right atrium. The pulses are generated here.

Evaluation.
This is my blog post on dissecting a sheep's heart. I personally enjoyed this experiment it was fun learning about the heart. I learned about the different muscles and valves in the heart. If I were to redo this experiment I would definitely make sure to be more prepared. Also, I would like to take more photos because I didn't have many to show after I had finished. If you were to do this experiment I advise you to take your time and not rush it.

Genetics - DNA - Extracting DNA from Kiwifruit.

Aim: 
Extract DNA from kiwi fruit.

Equipment:
ziplock bags • jar or beaker that fits strainer or funnel strainer or funnel • cheesecloth (cut to cover the funnel)  • extraction solution • kiwifruit • cold 95% ethanol or isopropanol • small test tubes (1 per student)

Method:
1. Peel the kiwifruit and chop it up.

2. Put the chunks in a jar and mash it up.

3. Mix together the washing liquid, the salt, and the tap water. Stir it together without creating any bubbles. This is also known as an extraction buffer.

4. Add the extraction buffer to the mashed up kiwifruit and mash it some more. The more you mash the more DNA you will get out at the end.

5. Put the kiwifruit and buffer mixture into an incubator/ ziplock bag at 60 degrees Celsius for 15 mins.

6. Filter the kiwi through a fine sieve or coffee paper into a test tube.

7. Pour cold ethanol down the side of the test tube slowly.

Result:
Where the layer of the ice cold alcohol meets the kiwi mixture underneath, you will see a white jelly-like substance. You can hook the DNA out with a hook made from a paperclip or something similar.

Discussion: Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information. This shape is commonly described as a double helix. The DNA coils around a highly alkaline protein known as histone. Cells are usually made up of 46 Chromosomes Unless it is the sperm or egg cell. Sperm and egg cells have half the amount (23).  These chromosomes come in pairs, females have two X chromosomes whereas males have an X and Y chromosome. These bases are joined together to form base pairs. In a DNA, Normally adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G) These base pairs connect together to form two complementary strands or helix, We know this as Deoxyribonucleic (DNA). 

Evaluation:
My experiment went quite well. I ran into no problems and got the results that I required. If you were to do this experiment I suggest you make more than what I have because I did not end with the amount of DNA that I would have liked too.

"Two worlds, One family"
To me this means even if you're different you can still get along. "Family is not bound by blood."

Tarzan tells us that even if we are different we can still get a long we don't need to fight, and we shouldn't judge one another. Tarzan also shows us the way we treat nature and it isn't good.